Jeremiah 25:25-27

New English Translation

Footnotes

1. Jeremiah 25:25 sn The kingdom of Zimri is mentioned nowhere else, so its location is unknown.
2. Jeremiah 25:25 sn See further Jer 49:34-39 for judgment against Elam.
3. Jeremiah 25:25 sn Elam and Media were east of Babylon, Elam in the south and Media in the north. They were in what is now western Iran.
4. Jeremiah 25:26 tn The words “have drunk the wine of the Lord’s wrath” are not in the text. They are supplied in the translation for clarity at the end of the list to serve as a transition to the next sentence, which does not directly mention the cup or the Lord’s wrath.
5. Jeremiah 25:26 tn Heb “the king of Sheshach.” “Sheshach” is a code name for Babylon formed on the principle of substituting the last letter of the alphabet for the first, the next to the last for the second, and so on. On this principle Hebrew שׁ (shin) is substituted for Hebrew ב (bet) and Hebrew כ (kaf) is substituted for Hebrew ל (lamed). On the same principle “Leb Kamai” in Jer 51:1 is a code name for Chasdim or Chaldeans, which is Jeremiah’s term for the Babylonians. No explanation is given for why the code names are used. The name “Sheshach” for Babylon also occurs in Jer 51:41, where the term Babylon is found in parallelism with it.
6. Jeremiah 25:27 tn The words “Then the Lord said to me” are not in the text. They are supplied in the translation for clarity, to connect this part of the narrative with vv. 15, 17 after the long intervening list of nations who were to drink the cup of God’s wrath in judgment.
7. Jeremiah 25:27 tn Heb “Yahweh of Armies, the God of Israel.”sn See the study notes on 2:19 and 7:3 for explanation of this extended title.
8. Jeremiah 25:27 tn Heb “Tell them, ‘Thus says the Lord….’” The translation is intended to eliminate one level of imbedded quotation marks to help avoid confusion.
9. Jeremiah 25:27 tn The words “this cup” are not in the text but are implicit to the metaphor and the context. They are supplied in the translation for clarity.
10. Jeremiah 25:27 tn Heb “Drink, and get drunk, and vomit and fall down and don’t get up.” The imperatives following drink are not parallel actions but consequent actions. For the use of the imperative plus the conjunctive “and” to indicate consequent action, even intention, see GKC 324-25 §110.f and compare usage in 1 Kgs 22:12 and Prov 3:3b-4a.
11. Jeremiah 25:27 tn Heb “because of the sword that I will send among you.” See the notes on 2:16 for explanation.